Active Directory Exploitation Cheat Sheet – A Comprehensive Guide To Enumeration And Attack Methods

This cheat sheet contains common enumeration and attack methods for Windows Active Directory.

This cheat sheet is inspired by the PayloadAllTheThings repo.

Summary

Active Directory Exploitation Cheat Sheet
- Summary
- Tools
- Domain Enumeration
  - Using PowerView
  - Using AD Module
  - Using BloodHound
    - Remote BloodHound
    - On Site BloodHound
  - Using Adalanche
    - Remote adalanche
  - Useful Enumeration Tools
- Local Privilege Escalation
  - Useful Local Priv Esc Tools
- Lateral Movement
  - Powershell Remoting
  - Remote Code Execution with PS Credentials
  - Import a PowerShell Module and Execute its Functions Remotely
  - Executing Remote Stateful commands
  - Mimikatz
  - Remote Desktop Protocol
  - URL File Attacks
  - Useful Tools
- Domain Privilege Escalation
  - Kerberoast
  - ASREPRoast
  - Password Spray Attack
  - Force Set SPN
  - Abusing Shadow Copies
  - List and Decrypt Stored Credentials using Mimikatz
  - Unconstrained Delegation
  - Constrained Delegation
  - Resource Based Constrained Delegation
  - DNSAdmins Abuse
  - Abusing Active Directory-Integraded DNS
  - Abusing Backup Operators Group
  - Abusing Exchange
  - Weaponizing Printer Bug
  - Abusing ACLs
  - Abusing IPv6 with mitm6
  - SID History Abuse
  - Exploiting SharePoint
  - Zerologon
  - PrintNightmare
  - Active Directory Certificate Services
  - No PAC
- Domain Persistence
  - Golden Ticket Attack
  - DCsync Attack
  - Silver Ticket Attack
  - Skeleton Key Attack
  - DSRM Abuse
  - Custom SSP
- Cross Forest Attacks
  - Trust Tickets
  - Abuse MSSQL Servers
  - Breaking Forest Trusts

Tools

Domain Enumeration

Using PowerView

Powerview v.3.0
Powerview Wiki

Get Current Domain: Get-Domain
Enumerate Other Domains: Get-Domain -Domain <DomainName>
Get Domain SID: Get-DomainSID
Get Domain Policy:

Get-DomainPolicy

#Will show us the policy configurations of the Domain about system access or kerberos
Get-DomainPolicy | Select-Object -ExpandProperty SystemAccess
Get-DomainPolicy | Select-Object -ExpandProperty KerberosPolicy

Get Domain Controllers:

Get-DomainController
Get-DomainController -Domain <DomainName>

Enumerate Domain Users:

#Save all Domain Users to a file
Get-DomainUser | Out-File -FilePath .\DomainUsers.txt

#Will return specific properties of a specific user
Get-DomainUser -Identity [username] -Properties DisplayName, MemberOf | Format-List

#Enumerate user logged on a machine
Get-NetLoggedon -ComputerName <ComputerName>

#Enumerate Session Information for a machine
Get-NetSession -ComputerName <ComputerName>

#Enumerate domain machines of the current/specified domain where specific users are logged into
Find-DomainUserLocation -Domain <DomainName> | Select-Object UserName, SessionFromName

Enum Domain Computers:

Get-DomainComputer -Properties OperatingSystem, Name, DnsHostName | Sort-Object -Property DnsHostName

#Enumerate Live machines
Get-DomainComputer -Ping -Properties OperatingSystem, Name, DnsHostName | Sort-Object -Property DnsHostName

Varshini

Varshini is a Cyber Security expert in Threat Analysis, Vulnerability Assessment, and Research. Passionate about staying ahead of emerging Threats and Technologies.