Cyber security

Pentesting Active Directory – A Comprehensive Guide To Tools, Techniques, And Commands

This is a cheatsheet of tools and commands that I use to pentest Active Directory. It includes Windows, Impacket and PowerView commands, how to use Bloodhound and popular exploits such as Zerologon and NO-PAC.

Enumeration

Initial System Enumeration

See local accounts

net user

See all of the accounts in the domain

net user /domain

Check if an account is a Domain Admin

net user <account-name> domain

See groups in the AD domain

net group /domain

Sync the clock with the DC (Domain Controller).

ntpdate <dc-ip>

Powerview

. .\PowerView.ps1

Information About The Domain

Get-NetDomain

Get-NetDomain-Controller

Get-Domain-Policy

See password rules

(Get-DomainPolicy).”system access”

Information about users Look for passwords/personal information in the description

Get-NetUser

Get-NetUser | select cn

Get-NetUser | select description

Get-NetUser | select samaccountname

Get-UserProperty -Properties pwdlastset

Get-UserProperty -Properties logoncount

Information About Computers

Get-NetComputer

Get-NetComputer -FullData

Get-NetGroup

Get-NetGroup -GroupName <group-name>

Get-NetGroup -GroupName “Domain Admins”

Get-NetGroupMember -GroupName “Domain Admins”

See SMB Shares

Invoke-ShareFinder

Crackmapexec

A few quick commands that I always use if I have no information about the machine

crackmapexec smb <ip>

crackmapexec smb <ip> -u ” -p ”

crackmapexec smb <ip> -u ‘guest’ -p ”

For more information click here.

Varshini

Varshini is a Cyber Security expert in Threat Analysis, Vulnerability Assessment, and Research. Passionate about staying ahead of emerging Threats and Technologies.

Recent Posts

rmmod Command in Linux: Remove Kernel Modules and Blacklisting

The rmmod command in Linux removes a loaded module from the running kernel. Because the kernel has…

7 hours ago

free Command in Linux: Check Memory Usage and Interpret Output

The free command in Linux gives you a quick summary of RAM and swap usage. It reads…

7 hours ago

diff Command in Linux: Compare Files and Create Patches

The diff command in Linux compares two text files line by line and shows the lines that…

8 hours ago

Flush DNS Cache on Windows, Linux, and macOS: Quick Commands

DNS cache is a temporary database your OS and browser build as you browse. Each time you visit a website, the domain-to-IP mapping is saved locally, cutting out the round trip to a remote DNS server on repeat visits. Stale entries are the most common reason to flush the DNS cache: a server moves to a new IP, but your OS or browser still routes to the old address. This guide covers how to clear the DNS cache on Windows, Linux, and macOS, and how to flush the separate cache stored inside Chrome and Firefox. Flush DNS Cache on Windows The command is the same on Windows 10, Windows 11, and earlier supported releases. Open Command Prompt with administrator privileges. Type cmd in the Windows search bar, right-click Command Prompt, and select Run as…

8 hours ago

Change User Password in Ubuntu: Command Line and GNOME GUI

Using a strong, unique password for every account is one of the most effective security…

1 day ago

Enable and Disable the Root Account in Ubuntu: Full Guide

Ubuntu locks the root account by default. New users often wonder what the root password…

1 day ago