SharpSphere : .NET Project For Attacking vCenter

SharpSphere gives red teamers the ability to easily interact with the guest operating systems of virtual machines managed by vCenter. It uses the vSphere Web Services API and exposes the following functions:

• Command & Control – In combination with F-Secure’s C3, SharpSphere provides C&C into VMs using VMware Tools, with no direct network connectivity to the target VM required.
• Code Execution – Allows arbitrary commands to be executed in the guest OS and returns the result
• File Upload – Allows arbitrary files to be uploaded to the guest OS
• File Download – Allows arbitrary files to be downloaded from the guest OS
• List VMs – Lists the VMs managed by vCenter that have VMware Tools running
• Dump Memory – Dump and download VM’s memory, then manually extract credentials from LSASS offline using WinDbg and Mimikatz (Guide)

SharpSphere supports execution through Cobalt Strike’s execute-assembly.

Compilation

Compiled versions can be found here.

If you compile yourself you’ll need to use ILMerge to combine SharpSphere.exe and CommandLine.dll in the Releases folder.

Usage

• Available modules:

SharpSphere.exe help

list List all VMs managed by this vCenter
execute Execute given command in target VM
c2 Run C2 using C3’s VMwareShareFile module
upload Upload file to target VM
download Download file from target VM
help Display more information on a specific command.
version Display version information.

• List VMs:

SharpSphere.exe list –help

–url Required. vCenter SDK URL, i.e. https://127.0.0.1/sdk
–username Required. vCenter username, i.e. administrator@vsphere.local
–password Required. vCenter password

• Code execution:

SharpSphere.exe execute –help

–url Required. vCenter SDK URL, i.e. https://127.0.0.1/sdk
–username Required. vCenter username, i.e. administrator@vsphere.local
–password Required. vCenter password
–ip Required. Target VM IP address
–guestusername Required. Username used to authenticate to the guest OS
–guestpassword Required. Password used to authenticate to the guest OS
–command Required. Command to execute
–output (Default: false) Flag to receive the output. Will create a temporary file in C:\Users\Public on the
guest to save the output. This is then downloaded and printed to the console and the file deleted.

• Command & Control:

SharpSphere.exe c2 –help

–url Required. vCenter SDK URL, i.e. https://127.0.0.1/sdk
–username Required. vCenter username, i.e. administrator@vsphere.local
–password Required. vCenter password
–ip Required. Target VM IP address
–guestusername Required. Username used to authenticate to the guest OS
–guestpassword Required. Password used to authenticate to the guest OS
–localdir Required. Full path to the C3 directory on this machine
–guestdir Required. Full path to the C3 directory on the guest OS
–inputid Required. Input ID configured for the C3 relay running on this machine
–outputid Required. Output ID configured for the C3 relay running on this machine

• File Upload:

SharpSphere.exe upload –help

–url Required. vCenter SDK URL, i.e. https://127.0.0.1/sdk
–username Required. vCenter username, i.e. administrator@vsphere.local
–password Required. vCenter password
–ip Required. Target VM IP address
–guestusername Required. Username used to authenticate to the guest OS
–guestpassword Required. Password used to authenticate to the guest OS
–source Required. Full path to local file to upload
–destination Required. Full path to location where file should be uploaded

• File Download:

SharpSphere.exe download –help

–url Required. vCenter SDK URL, i.e. https://127.0.0.1/sdk
–username Required. vCenter username, i.e. administrator@vsphere.local
–password Required. vCenter password
–ip Required. Target VM IP address
–guestusername Required. Username used to authenticate to the guest OS
–guestpassword Required. Password used to authenticate to the guest OS
–source Required. Full path in the guest to the file to upload
–destination Required. Full path to the local directory where the file should be downloaded

• Dumping Memory:

SharpSphere.exe dump –help

–url Required. vCenter SDK URL, i.e. https://127.0.0.1/sdk
–username Required. vCenter username, i.e. administrator@vsphere.local
–password Required. vCenter password
–targetvm Required. VM to snapshot
–snapshot (Default: false) WARNING: Creates and then deletes a snapshot. If unset, SharpSphere will only
extract memory from last existing snapshot, or none if no snapshots are available.
–destination Required. Full path to the local directory where the file should be downloaded

Future Features

1. Add support for Linux guest OS
2. Include a --verbose option for listing VMs
3. Add a --quiet flag to not mention every packet that’s transferred
4. Add a --testauth flag to confirm guest credentials are valid