Networking Devices 101: Understanding Routers, Switches, Hubs, and More
What is Networking? Networking brings together devices like computers, servers, routers, and switches so they can interact smoothly. It plays a key role in enabling fast communication and reliable data exchange between users and systems. With the help of networks, people can easily share resources such as files, printers, or applications. It acts as the backbone of digital life, powering...
Sock Puppets in OSINT: How to Build and Use Research Accounts
Introduction In the world of Open Source Intelligence (OSINT), anonymity and operational security (OPSEC) are essential. Investigators, journalists, and cybersecurity professionals often need to access information on social media platforms and other websites without revealing their true identity. This is where sock puppets (also called research accounts) come in. Sock puppets are fictitious online personas created to safeguard the real identity...
What is SIEM? Complete Guide to Security Information and Event Management
Introduction As cyber threats grow more sophisticated, organizations need more than just firewalls and antivirus tools. They require complete visibility into their IT environment, covering user activities, endpoint logs, application events, and network traffic. This is where SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) comes in. A SIEM solution collects, normalizes, and correlates logs and events from across an organization’s infrastructure. It...
Website OSINT: Tools and Techniques for Reconnaissance
Introduction When it comes to cybersecurity and ethical hacking, one of the most effective ways to strengthen defenses is by analyzing what information your website already exposes to the public. This process, often referred to as Website OSINT (Open-Source Intelligence), focuses on collecting data that attackers could leverage, but without active exploitation. The goal is defensive reconnaissance: by understanding your digital...
Top OSINT Tools to Find Emails, Usernames and Passwords
Introduction In the world of cybersecurity, knowledge is power. One of the most powerful skillsets every ethical hacker, penetration tester, and OSINT researcher must master is the ability to discover digital footprints left behind by individuals and organizations. These footprints often include emails, usernames, leaked credentials, and even associated social media accounts. Why does this matter? Because in the reconnaissance (recon)...
Google Dorking in Cybersecurity: A Complete Guide
Introduction In the vast ocean of the internet, the most powerful tool you already have at your fingertips is a search engine. Moreover, whether you’re a casual user, a researcher, or a cybersecurity professional, the way you frame your queries can truly mean the difference between surface-level results and discovering hidden, valuable information. This is exactly why Google Dorking and advanced...
Pystinger : Bypass Firewall For Traffic Forwarding Using Webshell
Pystinger is a Python-based tool that enables SOCKS4 proxying and port mapping through webshells. It can be integrated with Metasploit Framework, Viper, and Cobalt Strike to maintain online sessions. Currently, it supports three proxy script types: PHP, JSP(X), and ASPX. Usage Overview Imagine a scenario where: The target server is accessible at http://example.com:8080 Its intranet IP is 192.168.3.11 Pystinger allows you to set up a...
CVE-Search : A Tool To Perform Local Searches For Known Vulnerabilities
Introduction When it comes to cybersecurity, speed and privacy are critical. Public vulnerability databases like NVD and MITRE are valuable, but relying on them directly can expose sensitive queries or create delays. That’s where CVE-Search steps in. CVE-Search is an open-source tool that imports CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) and CPE (Common Platform Enumeration) data into MongoDB. This allows you to...
CVE-Search : A Tool To Perform Local Searches For Known Vulnerabilities
Introduction When it comes to cybersecurity, speed and privacy are critical. Public vulnerability databases like NVD and MITRE are valuable, but relying on them directly can expose sensitive queries or create delays. That’s where CVE-Search steps in. CVE-Search is an open-source tool that imports CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) and CPE (Common Platform Enumeration) data into MongoDB. This allows you to...
How to Bash Append to File: A Simple Guide for Beginners
If you are working with Linux or writing bash scripts, one of the most common tasks you will face is adding text to a file without erasing what’s already inside it. This is called bash append to file. In simple words, it means writing new content at the end of a file instead of overwriting it. This guide will explain...
